Analyzing Actor Engagement In Digital Communication Media Through The Actor-Network Theory Approach
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Abstract
Penelitian mengenai keterlibatan aktor dalam proses komunikasi dengan pendekatan Teori Aktor-Jejaring (ANT) telah banyak dilakukan, namun pemanfaatannya dalam konteks media komunikasi digital masih terbatas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematik bagaimana ANT digunakan untuk mengukur keterlibatan aktor manusia dan bukan manusia dalam jejaring media komunikasi digital. Proses tinjauan dilakukan terhadap publikasi dalam database Mendeley selama periode 2015–2024 dengan menggunakan logika Boolean “Actor Network Theory AND communication media”. Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel jurnal penelitian berbahasa Inggris yang dapat diakses penuh, sementara kriteria eksklusi menyingkirkan publikasi yang menggunakan ANT bersama teori lain atau di luar konteks media komunikasi digital. Dari 151 publikasi yang ditemukan, sebanyak 11 artikel memenuhi kriteria seleksi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konteks penelitian umumnya berkaitan dengan respons sosial, perilaku pengguna, dan peran teknologi. Metode yang dominan digunakan adalah wawancara untuk pengumpulan data dan analisis konten untuk pengolahan data. Keterlibatan aktor, baik manusia maupun bukan manusia, ditemukan dalam spektrum positif, netral, hingga negatif. ANT terbukti relevan untuk mengukur keterlibatan dalam komunikasi digital, khususnya dalam memahami dinamika respons sosial dan teknologi dalam jaringan. Temuan ini penting bagi pengembangan kajian media komunikasi karena memberikan kerangka kerja konseptual dalam menganalisis peran aktor dalam ekosistem digital. Kesimpulan ini menjadi pijakan untuk penelitian lanjutan yang mengeksplorasi kompleksitas interaksi dalam ruang komunikasi digital berbasis jejaring.
Research on actor engagement in communication processes using the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) has been conducted across various disciplines, yet its application in digital communication media remains limited. This study aims to systematically review how ANT is utilized to assess the involvement of both human and non-human actors within digital communication networks. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Mendeley database, covering the period from 2015 to 2024 with the Boolean search term “Actor Network Theory AND communication media.” Inclusion criteria required full-text, peer-reviewed journal articles in English. Exclusion criteria eliminated studies that applied ANT alongside other theoretical frameworks or were outside the scope of digital communication media. From 151 initial publications, 11 journal articles met the selection criteria. The review found that most studies focused on social responses, user behavior, and the role of technology. Interviews were the most common method of data collection, while content analysis was frequently used for data analysis. Actor involvement ranged from positive and neutral to negative dimensions. ANT proves to be a relevant framework for measuring engagement in digital communication, especially in exploring social responses and technological interactions. These findings are significant for the field of media communication as they offer a conceptual foundation for analyzing actor roles within digital ecosystems. This conclusion provides a basis for future research exploring the complexity of interactions in network-based digital communication environments.
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