Agenda Setting of Smart City Policy: A Multiple Streams Analysis of Public Service Digitalization and Basic Infrastructure Priorities
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Smart city policies at the local government level are often faced with a dilemma of prioritizing between accelerating service digitalization and fulfilling basic physical infrastructure. This study aims to analyze the agenda-setting process underlying local government preferences in prioritizing digital-based programs amidst constraints on basic facilities. Using a descriptive qualitative method with a policy document analysis approach, this study dissects the interaction between the problem stream, policy stream, and political stream through the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) theory. The results show that the digitalization of public services enters the priority agenda faster due to central regulation drive, political incentives for regional branding, and short-term budget efficiency. Conversely, basic infrastructure development that requires high costs and long completion times is often shifted in the short-term priority scale of regional heads. This study recommends the need for policy integration so that digital transformation does not abandon the urgency of fulfilling the physical basic rights of local communities.
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